The founding edition is open — Join the first readers shaping The Agentic Observer.Join The Briefing →

The Agentic Map

The structure of the agent economy, in twelve layers.

Agents are the visible part of a much larger system. The Agentic Map organises that system into the layers a company must understand before it can deploy agents with confidence.

This is a living structure. Categories will be revised as evidence accumulates and the market resolves.

01

Intelligence and compute

Models, inference providers and routing systems that supply the reasoning capacity behind agent work.

Includes Model access, compute markets, routing, failover, latency optimisation, cost management and workload-based model selection.

02

Runtimes and orchestration

The environments in which agents plan, execute, maintain state and coordinate with other agents.

Includes Agent runtimes, memory, workflow orchestration, multi-agent coordination, deployment, sandboxes and version control.

03

Tools and data access

The connection layer through which agents securely reach software, data and external systems.

Includes MCP infrastructure, connectors, context systems, secrets management, browser and computer use, data permissions and provenance.

04

Identity and credentials

The systems that establish what an agent is, who it represents and which credentials can be trusted.

Includes Agent identity, organisational binding, verifiable credentials, attestation, KYA, KYC and KYB connections.

05

Authority and permissions

The policy layer defining what an agent may see, decide, spend, change or commit to on behalf of its principal.

Includes Delegated authority, approval limits, consent, revocation, separation of duties, escalation rules and kill switches.

06

Security and resilience

Protection against malicious instructions, compromised tools, data leakage and unsafe agent behaviour.

Includes Prompt-injection defence, tool-supply-chain security, behavioural monitoring, red-teaming, isolation, recovery and incident response.

07

Evaluation and observability

The systems used to measure what agents do, how reliably they do it and when their behaviour changes.

Includes Testing, simulation, benchmarks, trace analysis, continuous evaluation, cost measurement, quality monitoring and forensic replay.

08

Discovery and procurement

The mechanisms through which companies and agents find, assess, approve and purchase external agent capabilities.

Includes Registries, catalogues, capability search, marketplaces, vendor risk, agent procurement and task routing.

09

Contracts and outcomes

The commercial layer that defines the work, records acceptance and determines whether the promised outcome occurred.

Includes Machine-readable scopes, service levels, mandates, contracting, acceptance criteria, outcome verification and dispute evidence.

10

Payments and financial rails

The systems enabling bounded spending, settlement, billing, credit and financial reconciliation for agent activity.

Includes Payment mandates, wallets, spend controls, metering, outcome billing, stablecoin and card abstraction, credit, tax and accounting.

11

Governance and accountability

The controls and records that make agent deployment intelligible to management, boards, auditors and regulators.

Includes Agent inventories, ownership, policy management, audit trails, decision provenance, compliance evidence, rights and recourse.

12

Human supervision and workforce

The operating systems through which people approve, supervise, correct and collaborate with fleets of agents.

Includes Exception queues, approval interfaces, escalation, role design, agent workforce management, capacity planning and performance management.

Companies and initiatives

Who is building in each layer.

Classification uses public primary sources. Inclusion is not testing, endorsement or verification, and vendor descriptions are labelled as claims.

01Intelligence and compute

  • OpenAIEstablished platform · Primary documentation

    Models and APIs used as intelligence components inside agent systems.

  • AnthropicEstablished platform · Primary documentation

    Claude models and developer platform used for tool-using and agentic applications.

  • Google GeminiEstablished platform · Primary documentation

    Models and APIs available through Google AI and Vertex AI for agent development.

  • Amazon BedrockEstablished platform · Primary documentation

    Managed access to foundation models and services for building generative-AI applications and agents.

  • Microsoft Azure AI FoundryEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Microsoft’s platform for building, evaluating and managing AI applications and agents.

  • Mistral AIAgent-native ecosystem · Primary documentation

    Model provider offering commercial and open-weight models through APIs and deployment options.

  • CohereEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise model platform focused on language, retrieval and tool-using applications.

  • Together AIInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Inference, fine-tuning and model infrastructure for open and custom models.

  • Fireworks AIInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Inference and model-serving platform for generative-AI workloads.

  • GroqInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Inference infrastructure built around Groq’s language-processing hardware and cloud service.

02Runtimes and orchestration

  • LangGraphAgent-native · Primary documentation

    Graph-based orchestration for long-running, stateful agent workflows within the LangChain ecosystem.

  • CrewAIAgent-native · Primary documentation

    Framework and platform for building coordinated groups of specialised agents and workflows.

  • LlamaIndexAgent-native · Primary documentation

    Framework and platform for agents operating over enterprise data and tools.

  • Microsoft AutoGenOpen project · Primary documentation

    Open-source framework for developing multi-agent applications.

  • Google Agent Development KitOpen project/platform · Primary documentation

    Google’s framework for developing and orchestrating agents.

  • OpenAI Agents SDKOpen project/platform · Primary documentation

    Developer toolkit for tool use, hand-offs, guardrails, sessions and tracing in agent applications.

  • AWS Strands AgentsOpen project/platform · Primary documentation

    Open-source SDK for model-driven agent applications in the AWS ecosystem.

  • Pydantic AIOpen project · Primary documentation

    Python agent framework built around typed application development.

  • MastraAgent-native · Primary documentation

    TypeScript framework for agents, workflows, retrieval, memory and evaluation.

  • Semantic KernelOpen project/platform · Primary documentation

    Microsoft’s open-source SDK for integrating models, plugins and agent orchestration.

03Tools and data access

  • Model Context ProtocolOpen standard · Primary documentation

    Open protocol for connecting AI applications with external tools and data sources.

  • ComposioAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Tool-integration and authentication platform for AI agents.

  • ZapierEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Automation platform exposing application actions and agent-oriented products across a large integration ecosystem.

  • PipedreamEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Developer integration platform for connecting APIs, data sources and workflows, including agent tools.

  • WorkatoEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise automation and integration platform adding agent-oriented orchestration and governance.

  • MergeInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Unified APIs for connecting products with multiple business-software categories.

  • BrowserbaseAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Browser infrastructure for agents and automated web workflows.

  • FirecrawlAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Web-data extraction and crawling tools designed for AI applications.

  • ArcadeAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Tool-calling and authorisation infrastructure for agents.

  • CloudflareEstablished platform · Primary documentation

    Developer and security infrastructure including browser rendering, AI Gateway and remote MCP-related services.

04Identity and credentials

  • OktaEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise identity and access platform increasingly relevant to non-human identities and agent access.

  • Microsoft EntraEstablished platform · Primary documentation

    Identity platform covering human and workload identities within Microsoft environments.

  • Auth0Established platform · Primary documentation

    Customer and application identity platform used to authenticate users and machine-to-machine applications.

  • WorkOSInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Enterprise authentication, directory and identity infrastructure for software products.

  • StytchInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Identity and authentication infrastructure for users, organisations and machine-to-machine access.

  • DescopeInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Identity platform for authentication, authorisation and application access.

  • AembitInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Workload identity and access management for non-human access between applications and services.

  • SGNLInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Continuous and dynamic access-management infrastructure.

  • IndyKiteInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Identity and knowledge-graph infrastructure for digital identities and relationships.

  • A2A Agent CardsOpen standard · Primary documentation

    Standardised self-description of an agent’s capabilities and interaction requirements; not, on its own, verification of trustworthiness.

05Authority and permissions

  • Permit.ioInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Fine-grained authorisation platform for application and service permissions.

  • OsoInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Authorisation-as-a-service and policy infrastructure for application permissions.

  • PlainIDEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise authorisation platform for centrally managed access policy.

  • CerbosOpen project/infrastructure · Primary documentation

    Open-source and managed authorisation layer for application permissions.

  • Open Policy AgentOpen project · Primary documentation

    General-purpose open-source policy engine used to decouple policy decisions from application logic.

  • AuthZedInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Permissions infrastructure based on relationship-based access control.

  • AsertoInfrastructure · Vendor claim

    Authorisation infrastructure and policy tooling for applications.

  • strongDMEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Access infrastructure for people and services interacting with systems and resources.

  • CyberArkEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Identity-security platform covering privileged access and machine identities.

  • HashiCorp VaultEstablished platform · Primary documentation

    Secrets and identity-based access infrastructure frequently used for application and workload credentials.

06Security and resilience

  • Noma SecurityAgent-native security · Vendor claim

    Positions an AI security platform covering discovery, posture, governance and runtime protection for models and agents.

  • Check Point AI Security / LakeraEstablished security platform · Vendor claim

    AI security portfolio including runtime protection and red-team capabilities built in part on Lakera.

  • Prompt SecurityAgent-native security · Vendor claim

    Security controls for enterprise use of generative AI applications and agents.

  • Pillar SecurityAgent-native security · Vendor claim

    AI security platform focused on discovery, testing and protection of AI applications and agents.

  • HiddenLayerAI-native security · Vendor claim

    Security platform for machine-learning and AI systems.

  • Protect AIAI-native security · Vendor claim

    AI/ML security platform and open-source security ecosystem.

  • MindgardAI-native security · Vendor claim

    AI security testing and red-team platform.

  • Lasso SecurityAI-native security · Vendor claim

    Security platform for generative-AI applications, data and agent interactions.

  • CalypsoAIAI-native security · Vendor claim

    Enterprise AI security, testing and runtime control platform.

  • Cisco AI DefenseEstablished security platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise AI security capabilities covering development and use of AI applications.

07Evaluation and observability

  • LangSmithAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Platform for tracing, evaluating, testing and monitoring LLM and agent applications.

  • BraintrustAI-native · Vendor claim

    Evaluation and observability platform for AI products.

  • ArizeAI-native · Vendor claim

    AI engineering and observability platform for evaluating and improving production systems and agents.

  • LangfuseOpen project/platform · Primary documentation

    Open-source LLM engineering platform covering traces, evaluation, prompts and datasets.

  • Weights & Biases WeaveEstablished AI platform · Primary documentation

    Toolkit and platform for tracking, evaluating and improving generative-AI applications.

  • AgentOpsAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Observability, testing and monitoring focused on agent development and production operation.

  • Patronus AIAI-native · Vendor claim

    Evaluation and testing platform for AI systems.

  • GiskardAI-native · Vendor claim

    Testing and evaluation tools for AI models and applications.

  • Confident AI / DeepEvalOpen project/platform · Primary documentation

    Open-source evaluation framework and commercial platform for LLM systems.

  • MLflowOpen project/platform · Primary documentation

    Open-source platform including tracing and evaluation capabilities for generative-AI applications and agents.

08Discovery and procurement

  • A2A Agent DiscoveryOpen standard · Primary documentation

    Agent Cards describe capabilities; discovery methods vary by environment and trust requirement.

  • Official MCP RegistryOpen ecosystem · Primary documentation

    Registry infrastructure for discovering publicly available MCP servers.

  • x402 BazaarOpen ecosystem/platform · Primary documentation

    Public catalogue for discovering payment-gated services indexed through the x402 ecosystem.

  • Google Cloud AI Agent MarketplaceEstablished marketplace · Vendor claim

    Cloud marketplace surface for discovering partner-built AI agents.

  • AWS Marketplace AI Agents and ToolsEstablished marketplace · Vendor claim

    Marketplace category for third-party agent products and tools deployable through AWS.

  • Salesforce AgentExchangeEstablished marketplace · Vendor claim

    Marketplace and partner ecosystem for Agentforce-related actions, topics and agent components.

  • Microsoft MarketplaceEstablished marketplace · Vendor claim

    Marketplace distribution for software and agent-related solutions in the Microsoft ecosystem.

  • Hugging FaceEstablished open ecosystem · Primary platform

    Open ecosystem for models, datasets and applications with growing relevance to agent discovery and reusable components.

  • GitHubEstablished developer platform · Primary platform

    Code, package and project discovery surface increasingly important to MCP servers, agent frameworks and open tools.

  • Composio Tool RouterAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Tool and integration catalogue oriented towards agent access across software applications.

09Contracts and outcomes

  • DocuSignEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Agreement-management and identity products relevant to human- and software-assisted contracting.

  • IroncladEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Digital contracting platform with workflow, repository and AI capabilities.

  • IcertisEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise contract-intelligence and lifecycle-management platform.

  • JuroEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Contract creation, approval, signing and repository platform with AI features.

  • AgiloftEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Contract lifecycle-management platform.

  • SirionEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Contract-management platform focused on obligations and performance.

  • ContractPodAiEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Legal and contract-management platform with AI capabilities.

  • NeverminedAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Positions payment infrastructure for AI agents, including metering and monetisation of agent services.

  • SkyfireAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Positions identity and payment infrastructure for agent transactions.

  • AP2 mandatesOpen standard · Primary documentation

    Open protocol constructs intended to carry evidence of user intent and transaction authorisation.

10Payments and financial rails

  • Stripe Agentic Commerce SuiteEstablished payments platform · Primary documentation

    Merchant infrastructure for product discovery, checkout and payments through agents across supported protocols.

  • Google AP2Open standard · Primary documentation

    Open protocol for secure, accountable agent payments using mandates and existing payment methods.

  • Coinbase x402Open standard/platform · Primary documentation

    Open HTTP-native protocol for request-level payment used by people, software and agents.

  • Mastercard Agent PayEstablished payments platform · Vendor claim

    Payment-network initiative covering trusted agent credentials, permissioning and transaction flows.

  • Visa Intelligent CommerceEstablished payments platform · Vendor claim

    Visa initiative for enabling AI agents in commerce through tokenisation, identity and payment-network controls.

  • PayPalEstablished payments platform · Vendor claim

    Payments platform building merchant and agent-commerce capabilities across major commerce ecosystems.

  • SkyfireAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Agent identity and payment platform for enabling agents to pay and receive payment.

  • NeverminedAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Payment, metering and monetisation infrastructure for AI agents and services.

  • Payman AIAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Positions an API through which agents can make payments to people and businesses with controls.

  • CircleEstablished payments infrastructure · Vendor claim

    Stablecoin and wallet infrastructure relevant to programmable and agent-initiated settlement.

11Governance and accountability

  • ServiceNow AI Control TowerEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Centralised management and governance for enterprise AI agents, models and workflows in the ServiceNow ecosystem.

  • IBM watsonx.governanceEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Governance, risk and compliance tooling for AI models and applications.

  • Microsoft PurviewEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Data governance, compliance and risk capabilities extending across AI use in Microsoft environments.

  • Credo AIAI-native governance · Vendor claim

    AI governance, risk and compliance platform.

  • Holistic AIAI-native governance · Vendor claim

    AI governance, risk management and compliance platform and services.

  • ModelOpAI-native governance · Vendor claim

    Enterprise AI governance platform for inventories, controls and reporting.

  • FairNowAI-native governance · Vendor claim

    AI governance and compliance platform.

  • Collibra AI GovernanceEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Governance capabilities linking AI use with data and policy management.

  • OneTrust AI GovernanceEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    AI governance and risk-management capabilities within OneTrust.

  • Dataiku GovernEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Governance and oversight for analytics and AI projects within the Dataiku platform.

12Human supervision and workforce

  • Workday Agent System of RecordEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Workday initiative for managing AI agents alongside workforce roles and business processes.

  • Microsoft Copilot Control SystemEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Administrative, security and management controls for Copilot and agents in Microsoft environments.

  • Salesforce AgentforceEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Platform for building and operating agents inside customer workflows, including human hand-off.

  • ServiceNow AI Agent OrchestratorEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Orchestration and supervision of teams of agents within enterprise workflows.

  • Writer AI HQAgent-native/established platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise platform for building, managing and governing agent-based work.

  • Glean AgentsEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise agents operating across connected workplace knowledge and systems.

  • SAP JouleEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    AI copilot and agent capabilities embedded across SAP business applications and processes.

  • UiPathEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Automation platform combining robots, agents and human-in-the-loop workflow.

  • Automation AnywhereEstablished platform · Vendor claim

    Enterprise automation platform adding agentic-process and human-supervision capabilities.

  • Relevance AIAgent-native · Vendor claim

    Platform for building and operating teams of specialist agents with human oversight.

Help shape the map

Building something in one of these layers?

We are compiling company profiles across every category. Submissions are researched independently; inclusion is never sold and never guaranteed.